Type 2 diabetes is a genetic condition that is aggravated by several factors, with weight gain and inactivity among the most significant. Type 2 diabetes is usually thought of as an adult disease, and it does occur most frequently among people who are age 40 or more. However, children and teens are becoming overweight at an alarming rate. And, as a result, many children are developing Type 2 diabetes. At one time, children were being diagnosed with only Type 1 diabetes Now, some locations are reporting that one third to one half of all new cases of childhood diabetes are actually Type 2 diabetes!

If symptoms are present, a child might feel tired, thirsty and nauseated; may urinate often; and may experience weight loss. Outward signs are a darkening of the skin around the neck, armpits, and groin (called “ancanthosis nigricans”), and irregular menstrual periods (Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome or PCOS).

However, the onset of Type 2 diabetes in children and teens is often slow and few symptoms, if any, may be seen before health problems start to develop. If diabetes runs in the family, parents should ask their health care provider to evaluate their child’s risk of developing diabetes. There is also a condition called “pre-diabetes”, which can develop into full diabetes if not treated.

Risk factors include a family history of Type 2 diabetes and obesity. Certain ethnic groups also see higher rates of Type 2 diabetes: African Americans, Latinos, Native Americans, or Asian Americans/Pacific Islanders.

Treating a child with Type 2 diabetes requires not only medical and lifestyle interventions—such as adopting a diabetes-healthy meal plan and exercise—but also family cooperation and support. The involvement of the family to contribute to a healthier lifestyle is essential to the success of the child’s health.

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